Process for the preparation of .epsilon.-caprolactam

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 07 – D

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C07D 201/00 (2006.01) C07D 201/08 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2264039

Process for the preparation of .epsilon.-caprolactam, in which in a step (a) a compound with general formula (1): O=CH-(CH2)4-C(O)-R, in which R is -OH, -NH2 or O-R', in which R' is an organic group with 1 to 10 carbon atoms, is contacted with ammonia and hydrogen in a suitable solvent at elevated pressure in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to a mixture of primary amino compounds and .epsilon.-caprolactam, followed by a separate second step (b) in which the primary amino compounds are reacted to .epsilon.-caprolactam, wherein the solvent in step (a) is an aqueous medium, including water, the yield to .epsilon.-caprolactam in step (a) is more than 10 %, calculated on the initial molar amount of the compound according to formula (1), that .epsilon.-caprolactam is separated from the aqueous mixture obtained in step (a) by extraction and that the aqueous mixture resulting from the extraction, containing the primary amino compounds, is used in step (b).

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de préparer du .epsilon.-caprolactame. Selon le procédé, dans une étape (a), un composé de formule générale (1): O=CH-(CH¿2?)¿4?-C(O)-R, dans laquelle R est OH, NH¿2? ou O-R', où R' est un groupe organique comportant 1 à 10 atomes de carbone, est mis en contact avec de l'ammoniaque et de l'hydrogène dans un solvant approprié, à une pression élevée, en présence d'un catalyseur d'hydrogénation, de façon à donner un mélange de composés d'amines primaires et de .epsilon.-caprolactame. L'étape (a) est suivie d'une seconde étape (b) distincte, durant laquelle les composés d'amines primaires sont mis à réagir de façon à donner le .epsilon.-caprolactame. Durant l'étape (a), le solvant est un milieu aqueux, notamment l'eau, le rendement de .epsilon.-caprolactame étant supérieur à 10 % calculé sur la quantité molaire initiale du composé de formule (1). Le .epsilon.-caprolactame est séparé du mélange aqueux obtenu à l'étape (a) par extraction, puis le mélange aqueux provenant de l'extraction, contenant les composés d'amines primaires, est utilisé pour l'étape (b).

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