Process, reactor and facility for thermally cracking heavy...

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 10 – G

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C10G 9/36 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2663639

The dispersion of superheated steam inside a reaction vessel is improved to a preferred state to thereby attain not only inhibition of coke adhesion and prevention of blockage in the reaction vessel and reaction vessel exit cracked gas piping but also production of a high-quality homogeneous pitch. There is provided a method of processing comprising blowing superheated steam, from a bottom part of reaction vessel, into petroleum heavy oil having been heated in a heating furnace and thereafter introduced in the reaction vessel so as to bring the superheated steam into direct contact with the petroleum heavy oil, thereby attaining thermal cracking into an oil fraction and pitch, wherein in the blowing of the superheated steam, the blowing is performed so that the superheated steam generates a swirling flow around the shaft of the trunk part of the reaction vessel.

Selon la présente invention, la répartition de la vapeur surchauffée à l'intérieur d'un réacteur est améliorée jusqu'à un état préféré afin d'obtenir ainsi non seulement l'inhibition de l'adhérence du coke et la prévention d'un blocage dans le réacteur et un tuyautage de gaz craqué de sortie de réacteur, mais également la production d'un brai de qualité élevée. On propose un procédé de traitement comprenant le soufflage d'une vapeur surchauffée, à partir d'une partie inférieure d'un réacteur, dans du pétrole lourd ayant été chauffé dans un fourneau et après cela introduit dans le réacteur de manière à mettre en contact direct la vapeur surchauffée avec le pétrole lourd, obtenant ainsi un craquage thermique en une fraction pétrolière et un brai, dans lequel lors du soufflage de la vapeur surchauffée, le soufflage est effectué de sorte que la vapeur surchauffée génère un flux tourbillonnant autour de l'arbre de la partie de fût du réacteur.

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