Real-time robust method for determining the trajectory of...

G - Physics – 01 – S

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G01S 5/22 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2697864

The invention relates to a method for passively determining the trajectory of at least one marine animal emitting sound signals in the form of series of clicks, in particular at least one cetacean. According to the invention, during successive processing time windows, raw analog signals are acquired, said signals originating from a plurality of H hydrophones disposed in the marine environment, and, subsequently, said raw analog data are converted into digital data by means of sampling at a sampling frequency Fe. The method is characterised in that it also includes the following steps which are performed in real time, namely: (a) digital data filtering (13, 14) which eliminates spurious noises and keeps (15, 16) the data from among the digital data, which, for each pair of hydrophones and each processing window, correspond to potential values for the time-difference of arrival of the sound signals in order to provide two different hydrophones, said potential values being recorded as TDOA; (b) for each hydrophone pair, checking (17) the consistency of the TDOAs obtained and keeping (18) a number, recorded as nbTDOA, of filtered and mutually-consistent TDOAs; and (c) on the basis of the filtered and mutually-consistent TDOAs (nbTDOA) determining the successive instantaneous positions of the click sources by means of nonlinear regression (19) and deducing (20) the trajectory of said at least one marine animal in the environment thereof in real time.

L'invention concerne un procédé de trajectographie par voie passive d'au moins un animal marin émettant des signaux sonores sous forme de trains de clics, notamment au moins un cétacé, dans lequel on procède pendant des fenêtres de temps de traitement successives, à l'acquisition des signaux bruts analogiques en provenance d'une pluralité de H hydrophones disposés dans le milieu marin, puis on convertit ces données analogiques brutes en données numériques par échantillonnage à une certaine fréquence d'échantillonnage Fe. Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre des étapes suivantes effectuées en temps réel: a. un filtrage (13,14) des données numériques apte à éliminer les bruits parasites et à garder (15,16) parmi les données numériques, celles qui correspondent pour chaque couple d'hydrophones et chaque fenêtre de traitement, à des valeurs potentielles de différences de temps d'arrivée des signaux sonores pour atteindre deux hydrophones distincts, ces valeurs potentielles étant notées TDOA; b. pour chaque couple d'hydrophones, on vérifie (17) la cohérence des TDOA obtenus, et on garde (18) un nombre, noté nbTDOA, de TDOA filtrés et cohérents entre eux; c. à partir des nbTDOA TDOA filtrés et cohérents entre eux, on détermine par régression non linéaire (19) les positions instantanées successives des sources des clics, et on en déduit (20) en temps réel la trajectoire dudit au moins un animal marin dans son milieu.

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