Room temperature single phase li insertion/extraction...

H - Electricity – 01 – M

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H01M 4/58 (2006.01) H01M 4/02 (2006.01) H01M 10/40 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2681114

The invention relates to active materials for the manufacture of Li-based batteries. A crystalline nanometric powdered material with formula Lix(M, M')PO4, in particular LixFePO4 (O<=x<=1), is disclosed, exhibiting single phase Li insertion/extraction mechanism at room temperature when used as positive electrode material in Li-based batteries. Compared to current LiFePO4, the novel material results in smooth, sloping charge/discharge voltage curves, greatly simplifying the monitoring of the state of charge of the batteries. The coexistence of mixed valence states for Fe (i.e. FeIIIVFeII) is believed to increase the electronic conductivity in the room temperature single phase LixFePO4 material, compared to state of the art two-phase materials. This, together with the nanometric size of the particles and their sharp monomodal size distribution, contributes to the exceptional high-rate capability demonstrated in batteries.

L'invention porte sur des matières actives pour la fabrication de batteries à base de Li. Une matière pulvérulente nanométrique cristalline présentant la formule Lix(M,M')PO4, en particulier LixFePO4 (0 <= x <= 1), est décrite, présentant un mécanisme d'insertion/extraction de Li à une seule phase à la température ambiante lorsqu'elle est utilisée comme matière d'électrode positive dans des batteries à base de Li. Par comparaison avec le LiFePO4 courant, la nouvelle matière conduit à des courbes de tension charge/décharge en pente, lisses, simplifiant fortement la surveillance de l'état de charge des batteries. On pense que la coexistence d'états de valence mixte pour Fe (à savoir FeIIIVFeII) augmente la conductivité électronique dans la matière LixFePO4 à une seule phase à la température ambiante, par comparaison avec les matières à deux phases de l'état antérieur de la technique. Ceci, conjointement avec la dimension nanométrique des particules et leur distribution de dimension monomodale suivant un pic, contribue à la capacité exceptionnelle de haut rendement montrée dans les batteries.

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