Stand-off compensated formation measurements apparatus and...

G - Physics – 01 – V

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G01V 5/10 (2006.01) E21B 17/10 (2006.01) E21B 47/01 (2006.01) E21B 47/08 (2006.01) E21B 49/00 (2006.01) G01V 5/08 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2063218

Apparatus and method for measuring density, porosity and other formation characteristics while drilling is dis- closed. The apparatus, preferably housed in a drill collar and placed within a drill string, includes a source of neu- trons and a source of gamma rays placed within a tubular body which is adapted to provide for the flow of drilling through it. Two sets of stabilizer blades are provided. One set, associated with the neutron source, includes secondary radi- ation detectors that are placed radially beyond the nominal outer radius of the body. Formation porosity measurement accuracy is substantially enhanced since the standoff of the detectors from the formation is substantially decreased. Another set, associated with the gamma ray source, includes one or more gamma ray detection assemblies in a single blade. Each of the gamma ray detector assemblies is also placed radially beyond the nominal outer radius of the tubular wall. Formation density or absorption coefficient accuracy is sub- stantially enhanced since the standoff between the detection assembly and the borehole wall is decreased. In a particular- ly preferred embodiment, ultrasonic sensors incorporated either or both sets of blades provide a measurement of the borehole diameter and/or standoff of the detectors from the borehole. The bulk density measurement and neutron porosity measurement data can be corrected with information derived from the standoff or borehole diameter. All such information is preferably transmitted to surface instrumentation where the corrections are performed, or performed downhole and the corrected data transmitted to the surface.

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