System and process for upgrading heavy hydrocarbons

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 10 – G

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C10G 9/36 (2006.01) C10G 1/00 (2006.01) C07C 4/02 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2612343

A system and process for upgrading hydrocarbons such as heavy oils includes high temperature plasma reactor apparatus, in one or more vessels, into which the oils are introduced along with water, such as steam, to produce lighter hydrocarbon fractions, along with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, that flows to an additional stage where more hydrocarbons and water are introduced for further fractionating reactions facilitated by reaction of carbon monoxide and water to produce carbon dioxide and nascent, or prompt, free radicals of hydrogen. Heavy hydrocarbons upgraded can include heavy oils in the form of tar sands, oil shale, and oil residuals. The vessel or vessels can each contain a carbonaceous bed facilitating the described reactions and example embodiments include one vessel with the reactions performed in a single bed and, also, two vessels with the reactions performed in a carbonaceous bed portion in each vessel.

Système et procédé de valorisation des hydrocarbures tel que le pétrole lourd faisant appel à un réacteur au plasma à haute température comportant un ou plusieurs chambres; les hydrocarbures sont introduits avec de l'eau, par exemple sous forme de vapeur, afin de produire des fractions d'hydrocarbures plus légères, ainsi que du monoxyde de carbone et de l'hydrogène, lesquels sont acheminés vers une deuxième étape où on ajoute d'autres hydrocarbures et de l'eau pour poursuivre les réactions de fractionnement, lesquelles sont facilitées par le monoxyde de carbone et l'eau, pour produire du dioxyde de carbone et des radicaux libres instantanés ou transitoires d'hydrogène. Les hydrocarbures lourds valorisés comprennent du pétrole lourd sous forme de sables bitumineux, du shale pétrolifère et des résidus d'hydrocarbures. La chambre ou les chambres comportent chacune un lit carboné facilitant les réactions décrite; on peut par exemple avoir une chambre où les réactions se produisent sur un seul lit, ou deux chambres où les réactions se produisent sur le lit carboné de chaque chambre.

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