Transesterification of vegetable oils

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 11 – C

Patent

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C11C 3/00 (2006.01) C10L 1/02 (2006.01) C11C 3/06 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2713364

A method for producing diesel grade fuel of plant origin by transesterifying a refined vegetable oil with a charge of a C1-C4 alcohol in the presence of a catalyst and at least 0.2 parts by volume, related to unit volume of refined vegetable oil, of an aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent with a boiling point of -42°C to 200°C, comprises mixing the oil, alcohol, catalyst and solvent in a single reaction vessel under homogeneous conditions which promote transesterif ication to 95-98% completion and which suppress reverse glycerolysis, without stopping transesterif ication to remove by- product polar glycerol, and without subjecting the oil/fuel mixture to a further transesterif ication step with a fresh charge of alcohol and catalyst.

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour produire du carburant diesel d'origine végétale en transestérifiant une huile végétale raffinée avec une charge d'alcool en C1-C4 en présence d'un catalyseur et d'au moins 0,2 partie en volume, par rapport au volume unitaire de l'huile végétale raffinée, d'un solvant à base d'hydrocarbures aliphatiques ayant un point d'ébullition allant de -42°C à 200°C. Ce procédé consiste à mélanger l'huile, l'alcool, le catalyseur et le solvant dans un seul réacteur dans des conditions homogènes favorisant la transestérification pour obtenir au final 95 à 98 % et qui supprime la glycérolyse inverse sans arrêter la transestérification pour éliminer le sous-produit du type glycérol polaire et sans soumettre le mélange huile/carburant à une autre étape de transestérification avec une nouvelle charge d'alcool et de catalyseur.

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