Traveling spark ignition system and ignitor therefor

H - Electricity – 01 – T

Patent

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Details

H01T 13/20 (2006.01) F02P 9/00 (2006.01) F02P 15/00 (2006.01) H01T 13/50 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2256534

A plasma ignitor, or plasma source, for igniting a combustible mixture in an internal combustion engine. The ignitor includes at least two spaced apart electrodes dimensioned and arranged such that an outwardly moving plasma is formed when a voltage is applied across the electrodes. The present invention is characterized by its efficient use of input electrical energy for driving the plasma ignitor and by an ignition plasma kernel which is several orders of magnitude larger than that produced by conventional spark plugs. Outward motion and expansion of the plasma kernel is produced by a Lorentz force thereon, arising from interaction between the applied voltage and current between the electrodes, through the mixture, after initial plasma generation in the mixture. Use of very lean combustible mixtures, in which the dilution of the mixture is achieved by use of exhaust gas recirculation, is made possible by the present ignition system. Improvement in engine efficiency, and a major reduction in NO X exhaust gas pollutants are obtained.

L'invention concerne un allumeur ou une source au plasma pour l'allumage d'un mélange de combustible dans un moteur à combustion interne. L'allumeur comprend au moins deux électrodes espacées, dimensionnées et disposées de manière à former un plasma se déplaçant vers l'extérieur lorsqu'une tension est appliquée aux électrodes. Le système est caractérisé par une utilisation efficace de l'énergie électrique d'entrée pour l'attaque de l'allumeur au plasma, et par un noyau de plasma d'allumage à plusieurs ordres de grandeur de plus que dans le cas des bougies d'allumage classiques. Le mouvement vers l'extérieur et l'expansion du noyau de plasma résultent de l'application d'une force de Lorentz, suite à l'interaction de la tension appliquée et du courant entre les électrodes, à travers le mélange, après la production initiale de plasma dans ledit mélange. Le système considéré permet d'utiliser des mélanges de combustible très pauvres dont la dilution est obtenue par remise en circulation des gaz d'échappement. Le système améliore l'efficacité du moteur et occasionne une réduction majeure des émissions polluantes NOx.

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