Ventricular assist device comprising enclosed-impeller axial...

A - Human Necessities – 61 – M

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A61M 1/12 (2006.01) A61M 1/10 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2206644

The present invention relates to a Ventricular Assist Device (VAD) comprising an axial flow blood pump which can be used as bridge to heart transplantation and as a permanent implant. The pump of the present invention is of an enclosed-impeller axial flow design, in which the rotor comprises impeller blades that intersect at an axis of rotation to form a hub of a relatively small size. The minimization of the hub volume allows a larger internal volume of the rotor to be occupied by the fluid. The pump can also be viewed as a double casing axial flow blood pump in which the permanent magnets required for the DC motor can be embedded in the enclosing tube (rotor) and the motor windings can be enclosed in the pump casing (stator). The configuration thereby optimizes the electrical coupling and this minimizes power requirement. In a preferred embodiment, the axial flow blood pump of the present invention is implantable in the ventricle of a patient. In such an intra-ventricular VAD, although the pump has a continuous speed, the pump output is pulsatile when inserted in the native heart.

L'invention porte sur un dispositif d'assistance ventriculaire (VAD) comprenant une pompe à sang axiale qui peut servir de pont à la transplantation cardiaque et d'implant permanent. La pompe de l'invention est conçue de façon à comprendre une roue fermée à écoulement axial, dans laquelle le rotor comporte des aubes de roue qui s'entrecroisent à un axe de rotation pour former un moyeu d'une taille relativement petite. La réduction du volume du moyeu permet au fluide d'occuper un plus grand volume interne du rotor. La pompe peut également constituer une pompe à sang axiale à double enveloppe dans laquelle les aimants permanents nécessaires pour le moteur c.c. peuvent être enfermés dans le tube fermé (rotor) et les enroulements du moteur, dans le corps de pompe (stator). La configuration optimise donc le couplage électrique et réduit la puissance nécessaire. Dans un modèle privilégié, la pompe à sang axiale peut être implantée dans le ventricule d'un patient. Bien que la pompe ait une vitesse continue dans un tel VAD intraventriculaire, son rendement est pulsatoire lorsqu'elle est insérée dans le coeur natif.

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