Chelate ligands for low pressure hydroformylation catalyst...

Details Chelate ligands for low pressure hydroformylation catalyst... Chelate ligands for low pressure hydroformylation catalyst...

C - Chemistry, Metallurgy

07

C

260/434, 260/613

C07C 45/50 (2006.01) C07C 45/49 (2006.01) C07F 9/50 (2006.01) C07F 15/00 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 1300164

CHELATE LIGANDS FOR LOW PRESSURE HYDROFORMYLATION CATALYST AND PROCESS EMPLOYING SAME Abstract of the Disclosure Hydroformylation reactions wherein at least one olefin having from 2 to 20 carbon atoms is contacted in a reaction zone at e temperature of from about 20°C to about 250°C and a pressure of from about 15 psig to about 800 psig with hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and a catalyst containing rhodium, at least one ligand having the formula Image wherein: each Ar is independently selected from aromatic ring compounds having 6 up to 14 carbon atoms, e.g., phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl and anthracenyl; the x bonds and the y bonds are attached to adjacent carbon atoms on the ring structures; each R, when present as a substituent, 18 independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, aryl, aralkyl, alkanyl, alkoxyalkyl, cycloaliphatic, halogen (except C1, Br or I in the ortho position), alkanoyl, alkanoyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, or formyl; n is a whole number in the range of 0-4 were Ar is phenyl; 0-6 where Ar is naphthyl; and 0-8 where Ar is phenanthryl or anthracenyl; each R1 and R2 ls independently selected from alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkaryl or cyelo- aliphatic; each R3 and R4 is independently selected from hydrogen and the R1 substltuents; each of the above alkyl groups or moieties is straight or branched chain of 1 20 carbons, prefer- ably 1-8 carbons; each sryl group contains 6-10 ring carbons; each cycloaliphatic 8rouP contains from 4-8 ring carbons; and each Y ls independently selected from the elements N, P, As, Sb and Bi. Also disclosed are novel llgands wherein one or both of the Ar moieties are phenyl rings. The invention is useful for oxo or hydroformylation processes designed for relatively low pressure oper- ation for the preparation of unusually high proportions of normal or unbranched aldehydes from .alpha.-olefins, particularly n-butyraldehyde from propylene.

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