Polyunsaturated fatty acids in plants

C - Chemistry – Metallurgy – 12 – N

Patent

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Details

C12N 15/82 (2006.01) A01H 1/00 (2006.01) C12N 9/02 (2006.01) C12P 7/64 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2330024

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for preparing polyunsaturated long chain fatty acids in plants, plant parts and plant cells, such as leaves, roots, fruits and seeds. Nucleic acid sequences and constructs encoding fatty acid desaturases, including .DELTA.5-desaturases, .DELTA.6- desaturases and .DELTA.12-desaturases, are used to generate transgenic plants, plant parts and cells which contain and express one or more transgenes encoding one or more desaturases. Expression of the desaturases with different substrate specificities in the plant system permit the large scale production of polyunsaturated long chain fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, .alpha.-linolenic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid and the like for modification of the fatty acid profile of plants, plant parts and tissues. Manipulation of the fatty acid profiles allows for the production of commercial quantities of novel plant oils and products.

La présente invention concerne des compositions et des procédés permettant de préparer des acides gras polyinsaturés à chaîne longue dans des plantes, des parties de plantes et des cellules végétales, telles que les feuilles, les racines, les fruits et les graines. On utilise des séquences et des constructions nucléotidiques codant les désaturases des acides gras, y compris les .DELTA.5-désaturases, les .DELTA.6-désaturases et les .DELTA.12-désaturases pour engendrer des plantes, des parties de plantes et des cellules végétales transgéniques contenant et exprimant un ou plusieurs transgènes codant une ou plusieurs désaturases. L'expression de désaturases présentant des spécificités de substrat différentes dans le système végétal permet la production à grande échelle d'acides gras polyinsaturés à chaîne longue tels que l'acide docasahexanoïque, l'acide eicosapentanoïque, l'acide alpha-linolénique, l'acide gamma-linolénique, l'acide arachidonique et analogues, dans le but de modifier le profil d'acides gras de plantes, de parties de plantes et de tissus végétaux. La manipulation des profils d'acides gras permet de produire de nouvelles huiles végétales et de nouveaux produits végétaux en quantités industrielles.

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