Optical apparatus

G - Physics – 02 – B

Patent

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Details

G02B 17/04 (2006.01) G01N 15/02 (2006.01) G01N 15/14 (2006.01) G01N 21/00 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2279574

Various optical apparatus provide a source of parallel light (7, 75). The parallel light (7, 75) is generally achieved by directing an incident beam at the apex of a prism (1, 22, 24, 26, 28). The prism may have varying configurations. One configuration has a forward conical face (24). Another configuration has a pyramidal forward end (22). Other configurations are also disclosed. The application also discloses the use of reflectors (20, 78, 216, 316, 400) having internal reflective surfaces shaped as three-dimensional figures of revolution, for example paraboloid or ellipsoid. The reflectors (20, 78, 216, 316) focus light incident onto the reflectors at one or more foci (F, 220, 320, 420). The reflectors may be used in combination with the optical apparatus including the prisms (1, 22, 24, 26, 28). The reflectors (20, 78, 216, 316) may be used in flow cytometers for focussing light at a sample stream (237, 337) passing through the focus (F, 220, 320, 420) of the reflector (20, 78, 216, 316). The collection of scattered and/or fluorescent light from an illuminated sample stream (237, 337) in a flow cytometer may be achieved with the use of a collector shaped as a figure of revolution e.g. paraboloid or ellipsoid. Various optical methods and methods for flow cytometry are also disclosed.

Divers appareils optiques constituent une source de lumière parallèle (7, 75). La lumière parallèle (7, 75) s'obtient généralement en dirigeant un faisceau incident sur le sommet d'un prisme (1, 22, 24, 26, 28). Il existe différentes configurations de prisme. L'une des configurations présente une face antérieure conique (24). Une autre configuration présente une extrémité antérieure pyramidale (22). L'invention concerne également d'autres configurations. L'invention propose en outre l'utilisation de miroirs (20, 78, 216, 316, 400) dont les surfaces internes de réflexion sont en forme de surfaces de révolution tridimensionnelles notamment paraboloïdes ou ellipsoïdes. Les miroirs (20, 78, 216, 316) focalisent en un ou plusieurs foyers (F, 220, 320, 420) de réflexion la lumière incidente des miroirs. Ces miroirs peuvent s'utiliser en association avec des appareils optiques comportant les prismes (1, 22, 24, 26, 28). Ces miroirs (20, 78, 216, 316) assurent, dans le cas des cytomètres de flux, la focalisation de la lumière sur un courant d'échantillon (237, 337) traversant le foyer (F, 220, 320, 420) du miroir (20, 78, 216, 316). La collecte de la lumière de diffusion et/ou de la lumière de fluorescence provenant d'un courant d'échantillon (237, 337) éclairé dans un cytomètre de flux peut se faire en utilisant un collecteur prenant la forme d'une surface de révolution notamment paraboloïde ou ellipsoïde. L'invention concerne enfin différents procédés d'optique et différents procédés applicables à la cytométrie de flux.

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