Magnetic detection of discontinuities in magnetic materials

G - Physics – 01 – N

Patent

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Details

G01N 27/83 (2006.01) B61K 9/10 (2006.01) G01N 27/82 (2006.01) G01N 27/87 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2255001

A method and apparatus for high speed magnetic detection of surface fatigue cracks in railway rails. The magnetic material of the rail is magnetised by touch magnetisation using a permanent magnet (31), leaving a remanent magnetic field. A sensor head (30, 50) having a plurality of Hall effect sensors (32) senses stray flux generated in the vicinity of surface fatigue in the rail head by the remanent magnetic field. The sensor head (30, 50) may incorporate a proximity sensor (60) to compensate for variations in sensor height. The apparatus may be mounted on a conventional track recording vehicle (TRV) for use in routinely monitoring the surface fatigue seventies in rail along a railway.

Cette invention concerne un procédé et un appareil de détection magnétique à grande vitesse de fissures superficielles de fatigue dans des rails de chemin de fer. On magnétise le matériau magnétique du rail par magnétisation tactile au moyen d'un aimant permanent (31), lequel crée un champ magnétique rémanent. Une tête de détection (30, 50) dotée d'une pluralité de capteurs (32) à effet Hall détecte le flux de dispersion généré par le champ magnétique rémanent, au voisinage des fissures superficielles de fatigue dans le rail. Cette tête de détection (30, 50) peut également comporter un détecteur de proximité (60) conçu pour compenser les variations de hauteur du capteur. Ledit appareil peut être monté sur un véhicule d'auscultation des voies (TRV) utilisé dans le cadre de la surveillance automatique des fissures superficielles de fatigue graves dans les rails le long d'un chemin de fer.

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