Non-invasive optical sensor with control of tissue temperature

A - Human Necessities – 61 – B

Patent

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A61B 5/00 (2006.01) G01N 21/47 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2332229

Devices and methods for non-invasively measuring at least one parameter of a sample, such as the presence or concentration of an analyte, in a body part wherein the temperature is controlled. The present invention measures light that is reflected, scattered, absorbed, or emitted by the sample from an average sampling depth, dav, that is confined within a temperature controlled region in the tissue. This average sampling depth is preferably less than 2 mm, and more preferably less than 1 mm. Confining the sampling depth into the tissue is achieved by appropriate selection of the separation between the source and the detector and the illumination wavelengths. In another aspect, the invention involves a method and apparatus for non-invasively measuring at least one parameter of a body part with temperature stepping. In another aspect, the invention involves a method and apparatus for non-invasively measuring at least one parameter of a body part with temperature modulation. In another aspect, the invention provides an improved method of measuring at least one parameter of a tissue sample comprising the steps of: (a) lowering the temperature of said tissue sample to a temperature that is lower than the normal physiological temperature of the body; and (b) determining at least one optical property of said tissue sample.

L'invention concerne des dispositifs et des procédés permettant de mesurer, de manière non invasive, au moins un paramètre d'un échantillon, tel que la présence ou la concentration d'un analyte dans une partie corporelle, la température étant régulée. L'invention permet de mesurer la lumière réfléchie, diffusée, absorbée ou émise par l'échantillon, à partir d'une profondeur moyenne d'échantillon d¿av?, confinée dans une région de température régulée dans le tissu. Cette profondeur moyenne d'échantillon est, de préférence, inférieure à 2 mm, et idéalement inférieure à 1 mm. On réalise le confinement de la profondeur d'échantillon dans le tissu par une sélection appropriée de la séparation entre la source, le capteur, et les longueurs d'onde d'éclairement. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne un procédé et un appareil permettant de mesurer, de manière non invasive, au moins un paramètre d'une partie corporelle, à l'aide d'une modulation de température. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, l'invention fournit un procédé amélioré permettant de mesurer, de manière non invasive, au moins un paramètre d'un échantillon de tissu, consistant (a) à abaisser la température de l'échantillon de tissu à une température inférieure à la température physiologique normale du corps, et (b) à déterminer au moins une propriété optique de l'échantillon de tissu.

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