Supported nanoparticle catalyst

B - Operations – Transporting – 01 – J

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B01J 35/00 (2006.01) B01J 23/42 (2006.01) B01J 23/46 (2006.01) B01J 37/02 (2006.01) B01J 37/03 (2006.01) H01M 4/88 (2006.01) H01M 4/92 (2006.01) B01J 21/18 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2468262

A supported catalyst is provided comprising catalyst metal nanoparticles having an average particle size of 3.0 nm or less, or mo re typically 2.0 nm or less, and typically having a standard deviation of particle size of 0.5 nm or less, which are supported on support particles at a loading of 30% or more. Typical catalyst metals are selected from platinum, palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, iridium, osmium, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, nickel and tin. Typical support particles are carbon. A method of making a supported catalyst is provided comprising the steps of :a)providing a solution of metal chlorides of one or more catalyst metals in solvent system containing at least one polyalcohol, typically ethylene glycol containing less than 2% water; b)forming a colloidal suspension of unprotected catalyst metal nanoparticles by raising the pH of the solution, typically to a pH of 10 or higher, and heating said solution, typically to 125~C or higher; c)adding support particles to the colloidal suspension; and d)depositing the unprotected catalyst metal nanoparticles on the support particles by lowering the pH of said suspension, typically to a pH of 6.5 or lower.

Cette invention concerne un catalyseur supporté comprenant des nanoparticules de métal catalytique présentant une granulométrie moyenne de 3,0 nm ou moins, plus généralement de 2,0 nm ou moins, avec en général un écart granulométrique type de 0,5 nm ou moins, qui sont supportées par des particules supports sous une charge de 30 % ou plus. Les métaux catalytiques types sont pris parmi les métaux suivants: platine, palladium, ruthénium, rhodium, iridium, osmium, molybdène, tungstène, fer, nickel et étain. Les particules supports types sont constituées par du carbone. L'invention concerne un procédé d'obtention d'un catalyseur supporté consistant à:(a) utiliser une solution de chlorures de métal d'un ou de plusieurs métaux catalytiques dans un système de solvant comprenant au moins un polyalcool, généralement de l'éthylène glycol renfermant moins de 2 % d'eau; (b) former une suspension de nanoparticules de métal catalytique non protégées en augmentant le pH de la solution, en général à 10 ou plus, et chauffer ladite solution, généralement à 125 ·C ou plus; (c) ajouter des particules supports à la suspension colloïdale; et (d) déposer les particules de métal catalytique non protégées sur les particules supports en abaissant le pH de ladite suspension en général à 6,5 ou moins.

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