Vapor deposited catalysts and their use in fuel cells

H - Electricity – 01 – M

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H01M 4/92 (2006.01) C23C 14/18 (2006.01)

Patent

CA 2488724

The invention provides a catalyst useful in a proton exchange membrane containing fuel cell for the electrooxidation of fuels prepared by the chemical activation of vapor deposited substantially semicrystalline PtXaAlb onto a substrate, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of Ru, Rh, Mo, W, V, Hf, Zr, Nb and Co, and a is at least 0.001, and b is at least 0.85.bullet. (1+a), with the proviso that when a=1 and b=8, X is only selected from the group consisting of W, V, Hf, Zr, Nb, and Co. These catalysts have an onset voltage for the electrooxidation of methanol of less than about 240 mV versus a saturated calomel electrode (SCE). They are useful in making diffusion backing electrodes and catalyst coated membranes for use in fuel cells.

L'invention concerne un catalyseur, utile dans une pile à combustible comprenant une membrane d'échange de protons, pour l'électro-oxydation de combustibles, préparée par activation chimique de PtX¿a?Al¿b? sensiblement semi-cristallin déposé en phase vapeur sur un substrat, X étant choisi dans le groupe comprenant Ru, Rh, Mo, W, V, Hf, Zr, Nb et Co, avec a au moins égal à 0,001, et b au moins égal à 0,85 X (1+a), sous réserve que, lorsque a = 1 et b = 8, X soit seulement choisi dans le groupe comprenant W, V, Hf, Zr, Nb, et Co. Ces catalyseurs possèdent une tension de début d'activité concernant l'électro-oxydation de méthanol inférieure à environ 240 mV mesurée contre une électrode au calomel saturé (SCE). Ces catalyseurs sont utiles dans la fabrication d'électrodes à dos diffuseur et de membranes à revêtement de catalyseur destinées aux piles à combustibles.

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